Despite a paucity of systematic studies on strategies for reducing cardiovascular events during vigorous-intensity exercise, exercise professionals must take reasonable precautions when working with individuals who wish to become more physically active and/or increase their physical activity and fitness levels. These precautions are especially crucial when the exercise program involves vigorous intensity. While sedentary individuals may safely initiate a light-to-moderate intensity exercise program, it is imperative for all individuals to undergo exercise preparticipation screening to ascertain the necessity for medical clearance.
Exercise professionals who supervise exercise and fitness programs should possess current training in basic and/or advanced cardiac life support and emergency procedures. These emergency procedures should be reviewed and practiced at regular intervals. Individuals should also receive education on the signs and symptoms of CVD and be referred to a physician for further evaluation should these symptoms occur.